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Firemen's Memorial (Manhattan)
The ''Firemen's Memorial'' is a 1913 monument on Riverside Drive at 100th Street in Manhattan, New York.
==Context==
Like other large cities, New York was devastated by fires in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1776, in the midst of the American Revolutionary War, a great fire swept through the city, destroying 493 buildings. Two more great fires, in 1835 and 1845, together destroyed approximately 1000 buildings and killed 50 people, including a number of firefighters. Fire safety improved in the late 19th and early 20th century, but firefighting remained a dangerous task. Following the 1907 drowning death of Deputy Fire Chief Charles W. Kruger in a flooded Canal Street basement, Bishop Henry C. Potter proposed a memorial to firefighters who had died while performing their duties.
Potter established a committee to build a monument, and was its first chairman, being succeeded by Isidor Strauss, co-owner of Macy's. The Board of Estimate and Apportionment granted $40,000 to the project on July 17, 1911, and an additional $50,500 was raised through a popular subscription.
Although originally planned for Union Square, the memorial eventually ended up being built on the fashionable Riverside Drive, where Frederick Law Olmsted's English-style rustic Riverside Park had recently been completed. The monument was designed by architect Harold Van Buren Magonigle and its sculptures are by Attilio Piccirilli. The site consists of a grand staircase leading up from the west, a balustraded plaza, and the Knoxville marble monument. Above the fountain, which extends from the box-like structure of the monument, is a large bas-relief scene of a horse drawn engine rushing to a fire. The monument is flanked to the north and south with groups of sculptures representing "Duty" and "Sacrifice".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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